Comprehensive Examination Responses Presented in Partial Fulfillment Research Paper

Exhaustive Examination Responses Presented in Partial Fulfillment - Research Paper Example Recognize and break down the issues related with test determination, legitimacy, and inclination in such an examination. Contextual analysis A contextual analysis is one of the strategies utilized in subjective exploration. The advancement of the contextual analysis technique occurred during the 1880s and it has since been utilized in practically all fields of study. It is additionally the most favored investigation strategy since it expels the wide hole among hypothesis and practice. As indicated by Toloie-Eshlaghy, Chitsaz, Karimian, and Charkhchi (2011), a contextual analysis is test and uses the subtleties of a genuine marvel to test into explicit social issues important to the analysts. A contextual investigation incorporates a genuine circumstance with genuine individuals and occasions occurring in a genuine situation, which gives specialists a feeling of the realities as they are, all things considered. Also, the data utilized for a situation study is controlled to give genuine insights concerning the spot, individuals, and events of a specific area. This empowers analysts to do their exercises regarding a genuine circumstance. A contextual investigation is along these lines viewed as a sorted out bit of exploration on a specific occasion with the point of clarifying a particular wonder. A contextual analysis is frequently utilized in social exploration to empower an analyst to realize a hypothetical thought. Also, a contextual investigation might be utilized to show research understudies how to embrace research in a compelling way and in this way go about as an examination instrument to coordinate hypothesis and practice. ... The various highlights of a contextual investigation incorporate its utilization of various strategies for gathering information to accumulate data with respect to explicit events, its emphasis on a particular subject and the profundity to which the subject of center is explored. The fundamental point of utilizing the contextual investigation research technique is to portray the causative connections between wonders, all things considered, since it will in general be profound instead of broad in its examinations (Breslin and Buchanan, 2008). Contextual investigations are hence likewise used to assess the impacts of specific mediations presented in given situations and can thusly be utilized as a device to prescribe answers for issues confronting associations, in actuality. As an examination device, a contextual analysis is exploratory and elucidating, and gives case guides to understudies to upgrade their useful examination aptitudes. Be that as it may, the real change from hypothesi s to rehearse requires different assets, some of which might be out of the students’ reach. The utilization of a contextual investigation in the portrayal of wonders, all things considered, is restricted to the information on the situation under examination (Toloie-Eshlaghy, Chitsaz, Karimian, and Charkhchi, 2011). This is on the grounds that a contextual investigation depends on data in regards to specific wonders to draw inductions on causal relations, however without sufficient data, the contextual analysis would not be successful. A contextual investigation in this way utilizes various strategies for gathering information to give sufficient, applicable and verifiable data with respect to events, all things considered, and offers analysts a reason for the examination. With such data, it is conceivable to draw an example demonstrating the connection between one subject and the other and

The Awakening and A Doll House Comparison Essay Essay Example for Free

The Awakening and A Doll House Comparison Essay Ladies jobs have radically changed since the late eighteenth and mid nineteenth century. During this time, ladies didn't have the opportunity to voice their feelings and act naturally. Today ladies don’t even need to stress over the standards and constraints like the ladies needed to in this time. Edna in â€Å"The Awakening† by Kate Chopin and Nora in â€Å"A Doll House† by Henrik Ibsen were comparable to heroes. The preliminaries they confronted were additionally fundamentally the same as. Edna and Nora were both confronted with the way that they face an oppressive spouse whom the two of them find and leave procedure for. For Nora this included surrendering her family and fleeing, while Edna takes the choice that Nora couldn't do-ending it all. These unmistakable writings both show how ladies had to act during their marriage and towards society during this time. â€Å"The Awakening† investigates the dubious character, Edna Pontellier’s, want to discover and live completely inside her actual self. She agitates numerous nineteenth century desires for ladies and their alleged jobs. Opposing cultural standards, Edna at long last figures out how to consider herself a free lady. One of her most stunning activities was her forswearing of her job as a mother and spouse. She leaves her better half, Leã ³nce and takes part in an extramarital entanglements with Robert. Because of Roberts steady nearness, Edna begins to encounter a change inside herself. She starts to build up a feeling of herself overall individual. She understands that she isn't fulfilled to just be a spouse and a mother, thus she starts to defend herself to her better half. Leã ³nce to Edna: â€Å"I can’t license you to remain out there throughout the night. You should come in the house instantly.† Edna answers â€Å"Leà ³nce hit the hay †¦ I intend to remain around here. I don’t wish to go in and I don’t plan to. Don’t address me like that once more; sick will not answer you.† (Chopin 25). Her ability for autonomy and opportunity prompts her ignoring her better half. She understands that she can't keep taking requests she doesn't please to follow which prompts the acknowledgment of her marriage making her marvel on the off chance that she despite everything needs to be with her better half. As Edna starts the way toward recognizing her actual self, the self that exists separated from the character she keeps up as a spouse and mother. Out of the blue, Robert and Edna become very close with one another by summers end. Reluctant to assist his relationship with a wedded lady, Robert leaves the nation for Mexico. Moreover, Leã ³nce really accepted he had no commitment to think about his kids and that it was Edna’s obligation to do as such. â€Å"If it was anything but a mother’s spot to take care of the youngsters, whose on earth was it?† (Chopin 7). In society’s eyes, a man should have simply eyed their children monetarily while the lady bolstered them in different manners. Chopin centers around two other female characters in the story, Adele Ratignolle and Mademoiselle Reisz. These ladies are instances of how ladies ought to be in the nineteenth century. Adele was a case of a nurturing woman.† She would happily forfeit anything to think about her kids, spouse, and family, while Edna would not. Edna finds both good examples lacking and starts to see that the life of opportunity and independence that she needs conflicts with society. In addition to the fact that society had a particular look on how a ladies ought to be, yet Leã ³nce too, towards Edna. â€Å"’You are scorched past recognition,† he included, taking a gander at his significant other as one glances at an important bit of individual property which has endured some damage.† This shows how Edna isn't an adequate shading as per her husband’s wishes. Edna had explicit rules to follow and getting a â€Å"tan† gave an alternate appearance, demonstrating that the Pontellier family wasn’t keeping up the immaculateness of their blood. Toward the start of â€Å"A Doll House,† everything appears to be well. Nora and Torvald Helmer appear to be very glad. Torvald addresses his better half in a somewhat disparaging manner, yet she doesnt truly appear to mind. The Helmers are both energized in light of the fact that Torvald has found another line of work as the director of a bank and now cash wont be a worry. Noras old school companion, Mrs. Christine Linde, shows up trusting that Torvald may have the option to give her work. Through the span of their discussion, Nora admits to Christine that she has a mystery. Nora will not disclose to Christine who she acquired cash from, yet explains why she needed to obtain it. Right off the bat in the Helmers marriage, Torvald became ill and the specialist endorsed an excursion south to hotter atmospheres as the best way to spare him. At that point, they didnt have the cash for such an excursion. To spare Torvald‘s pride, Nora acquired cash without his insight and financed a year in Italy. So as to take care of it, shes been utilizing cash from the recompense Torvald gives her. Krogstad ends up being whom she obtained the cash from. Krogstad is incensed in light of the fact that Torvald is going to fire him. He takes steps to uncover Noras wrongdoing (producing her father’s signature after he was dead so as to get the advance) in the event that he loses his employment thus beginsâ blackmailing her. Nora asks Torvald to get Krogstad back, yet rejects since he cannot stand being around such terrible individuals. Krogstad composes a letter to Torvald coming clean with him and leaves it in his post box. Nora occupies her significant other from understanding it. After the gathering they have, Torvald peruses the letter. He discloses to Nora that she is a horrible individual. He demands that Nora isn't to be permitted close to the kids any longer, since she may degenerate them. Torvald is extremely cheerful and pardons Nora due to another letter Krogstad sends later. Nora, be that as it may, doesnt pardon Torvald. She discloses to him that she is leaving him, in light of the fact that theyve never had a genuine marriage. Shes never been in excess of a doll in his eyes. â€Å"NORA: I h ave different obligations similarly sacrosanct. HELMER: You don't. What obligations would they be? NORA: My obligations to myself. HELMER: You are a spouse and a mother before you are anything else† (Ibsen pg.1138). This consoles how the ladies are â€Å"chained† to what they ought to â€Å"be† and ought to â€Å"do.† She attempts to get away yet he despite everything attempts to limit the her from doing as such. Like Leã ³nce Pontellier, Nora’s spouse is likewise extremely direct with regards to Nora knowing her place. These ladies were denied their essential option to deal with themselves and had to be housewives, just like all ladies of the nineteenth century. Taking everything into account, both Edna and Nora experience an enlivening during their journey for opportunity. The two spouses felt caught by their cultural standards and guidelines which didn’t permit them to be their actual selves. Edna, battling against the cultural structures of parenthood constrained her to be characterized by her title as spouse of Leã ³nce Pontellier and mother of Raoul and Etienne Pontellier, rather than being her own, self-characterized individual, made her at last getaway by ending it all. Nora, then again, defied society’s standards and exited leaving her significant other and youngsters. Despite the fact that Edna and Nora had numerous likenesses both of their arousals prompted two distinct goals.

Where Can I Purchase a Research Paper?

Where Can I Purchase a Research Paper?Finding the right place to purchase a research paper is often a challenge. Research papers are definitely very valuable, as they are key pieces of your CV. They are what you need to show your potential employers that you have enough knowledge in the area that you are applying for, and they can be found very easily online or offline.If you have to go to the high street shops to purchase your research paper, then it would be well worth it. High street shops tend to offer you some of the best prices online, as they don't have to worry about having to stock the paper, or printing it, when selling it. They can sell it as soon as you have ordered it. As you should know, businesses love to make money, and they will do their best to tempt you to spend more on it when you purchase from them.However, as you might be aware, high street shops aren't the best place to purchase a research paper. Why? This is because they often don't stock the correct format fo r the research paper you want.Whilst high street shops do sell research papers, you should be aware that some of the research papers they sell are created by outsourcing companies. The people who create these things are not necessarily the best in the business. Therefore, if you purchase from the high street shops, it's possible that you'll be purchasing a paper which was created overseas and not even be 100% in English.Therefore, if you can't find the research paper format that you want online, then it's very likely that you won't be able to find it anywhere. When buying from an online shop, it is also likely that they will charge you more than if you had purchased it from the high street shop. You should also be aware that many of the research papers that are available online are generic papers, which means that they don't contain the results you were looking for.Furthermore, if you are going to create your own research paper, you may find that you have a much harder time creating it. If you look at the research papers which are available for sale, you'll notice that they are typically huge, or quite difficult to read. On top of this, there are many people who are looking for books and publications on a day to day basis, and if they had to read research papers, they would often prefer the ones that can be scanned, and they would rather have all of the information on hand.Therefore, if you're looking for a research paper, you should think about finding a store online, or a specialist source. Alternatively, you can often get a better price if you purchase from an online source. In many cases, this is a cheaper way to get the paper, and therefore you will save money.As you can see, finding the right place to purchase a research paper is often a tough one. Where can I purchase a research paper? is the problem.

Socrates Method of Cross-Examine Essay example - 1392 Words

In this paper, I will argue that Socrates does not typically benefit those that he cross-examines, but that his activity is nonetheless useful and justified. I will argue that Socrates’ cross-examinations are justified and useful because it is a divine mission and because it develops critical thinking skills. I will argue my thesis by first, using The Apology and Euthyphro dialogues to show the usefulness and justification of Socrates’ elenchus. Second, I will suggest objections to the reasons why Socrates’ elenchus is useful and justified. Finally, I will give my rebuttal to the objections against Socrates’ elenchus. I think it is important to first explain Socrates’ divine mission. Chairephon, a friend of Socrates, went to the Oracle of†¦show more content†¦During Socrates’ defense, he uses the elenchus to argue against Meletus’ charges. In the beginning of The Apology, Socrates asks Meletus if it is better to associate with wicked people or virtuous people (The Apology 25c). Meletus says that it is worse to associate with wicked people, than virtuous people. Meletus reasoning was that wicked people would cause harm and misfortune to their associates. Socrates thinks Meletus’ answer in uncontroversial (The Apology 25c). Socrates argues that because associating with wicked people is harmful, he would not intentionally corrupt the Athenian youth (The Apology 25e-26a). Since Socrates would not intentionally corrupt the youth, he argues that the charge of him doing so is false. Socrates’ counter argument to Meletus’ charges serves as an example of the elenchus’ usefulness. First, Socrates asked Meletus a question not only to get an answer, but to also begin looking for inconsistencies within Meletus’ argument. As Meletus answered Socrates’ questions, Socrates developed concepts about wicked people and virtuous people based on Meletus’ comments. Socrates uses the concepts he developed from Meletus’ comment to show that Meletus’ charge is contradictory to his own comments. Meletus’ contradictory argument serves as an example of him not being aware of his own ignorance. Meletus did not consider whether his comment about associating with wicked people was consistent with his charges againstShow MoreRelatedSocratic Dialectic1115 Words   |  5 PagesA friend of Socrates, Chaerephon, asked the Oracle of Delphi if there is anyone wiser than Socrates. The goddess answered that there is not. (Plato, p. 50). Aware that he cannot claim wisdom, but intrigued by the Oracle’s answer, Socrates embarks on a journey to find someone who is truly wise. The method he used to establish someone’s wisdom or lack of it has been known as the Socratic dialectic. Socrates’ dialectic technique, its aim and its method will be examined in this paper. The Apology ofRead MoreWho Is a True Genius1007 Words   |  5 Pagesmatter. What are those â€Å"things,† and who might that ‘genius’ be? Socrates is the name, and according to him: â€Å"An unexamined life is not worth living.† He went around Athens and persuaded others to look and examine themselves while they still have the time; to not be content with who they already are but to keep finding ways to improve the self and enrich the soul. Socrates used the dialectic method (now known as the Socratic method) – a way of investigating problems through dialogue discussion whereinRead MoreSocrates: â€Å"the Unexamined Life Is Not Worth Living†1943 Words   |  8 PagesSocrates was the son of common Athenians. His father was a stone-mason/ sculptor, his mother a midwife. Socrates was also a stone-mason by trade and was to follow in his father’s footsteps. It was still yet unknown to Socrates in his early years that his ‘career’ would be that of a philosopher. It is said he was pulled out of his workshop by Crito because of the â€Å"beauty of his soul†. Jobless and serving no direct purpose to the Athenian (Greek) society, Socrates was well known in the AthenianRead MoreA prophet can be described as a divine individual who conveys the will of God. Whereas some people900 Words   |  4 PagesA prophet can be described as a divine individual who conveys the will of God. Whereas some people would regard only Jesus Christ as a prophet, others debate that Socrates was one as well. It has frequently been said that Socrates is like to Jesus. The reason why many people point that out is for the simple fact that they both shared a common goal, which was to enlighten people with their wisdom, moreover, in their efforts to achieve that goal they encountered similar obstacles. I suppose that thereRead MoreSocrates And Machiavelli : A Political Philosopher1666 Words   |  7 PagesAt first glance, Socrates and Machiavelli appear to have a lot in common.   They both lived in a time of political unrest and violence. They both dealt with uncertain surroundings in their societies. Most importantly, they both tried to use philosophy to improve their society. However, there was also an important difference between them. While Socrates was a moral philosopher whose goal was to search for truth and knowledge, Machiavelli was a political philosopher whose goal was to create a lastingRead MoreThe Four Texts On Socrates By Plato And Aristophanes Looks At Plato s Works, Euthyphro, Apology, Essay1935 Words   |  8 PagesApology, Crito I. 1. The Four Texts On Socrates by Plato and Aristophanes looks at Plato’s works, Euthyphro, Apology, and Crito. Plato’s works fall under the genre of philosophical dialogue presented in a context similar to that of dramatic monologues. Although Plato’s works are based in historical context, the works are less historical fiction, and more of a dramatic tragedy or comedy. 2. Plato’s works focuses on Socratic thinking, questioning, irony and cross-examination across all three works. TheRead MoreMy View On Plato s Ideal World Essay1420 Words   |  6 Pagescourse, I found generally many attention-grabbing on philosophe Plato, so far. My attention on Plato is because Plato was one of the histories famous deeply interesting in education as a student and supporter of Socrates. His literatures were a memorial of dialogues he had with Socrates. He was a dreamer who believes the world was imperfect and recommended ways in which society can have a better-quality by creating a fantasy state of a perfect society whereby social setups would be perfect with noRead MoreDifference in the Philosophy of Plato and Aristotle and Their Influence.1213 Words   |  5 PagesThe word Philosophy comes from the Greek words of ‘philo’ meaning love and ‘sophos’ meaning wisdom (Philosophy). It is the pursuit for wisdom, to comprehend human beha vior, nature and ultimately the meaning of life. Plato was the student of Socrates, influenced by his work, Plato aged to become a great philosopher himself; establishing his philosophy from that of his teacher. Aristotle was the student of Plato, and like his teacher, grew up to ground his philosophy from that of Plato. Although,Read MoreElenchus and Socrates2535 Words   |  11 Pagesphrase â€Å"Socratic method† gets tossed around quite a bit during the course of a liberal arts education. One way of describing this method is teaching by means of asking. The thought is that by asking questions, a teacher may trigger some thought in the student’s mind which comes about more organically and effectively than by the means of traditional lecture. Employing the Socratic method allows a teacher to guide a student’s train of thought toward a particular goal, and use of the method requires on theRead MoreHegels Deep Reverence For Socrates1766 Words   |  8 Pages He gel’s deep reverence for Socrates is reflected in his comparison of Socrates with Jesus. While there are many similarities between them—both men attracted disciples, taught orally, were persecuted for undermining traditional authority, were martyrs and dichotomized world history—Hegel’s comparison primarily meant to convey his belief that Socrates’ importance cannot be overstated (Most). For Hegel, Socrates not only introduced the world to philosophy, but also brought about the advent of a type

Teaching Values And Moral Values - 811 Words

This will be an in-depth research paper on teaching values to children. It will also describe why values are important in society. Values need to be taught at home and at school as well; children spend more time at home than they do at school. Teaching values, not just rules allow children to make ethical decisions, they teach them personal responsibility, and they also promote moral integrity. Leading by example is important in justifying the subscription of values and moral education. Teaching Values Teaching values is important. Values allow children to make ethical decisions, they teach them personal responsibility, and values promote moral integrity. Honesty, respect, responsibility, and love are just a few of the important values children should be taught. Values define an individual’s behavior, ethical or unethical, and that’s why teaching children values is important. Ethical Decisions Children make sense of the world around them through stories. They use the contents of stories to depict insights to their own lives and moral dimensions. Storytelling in a classroom setting allows students to share personal experiences and gives them a chance to challenge or discuss their own ethical deliberations. (Simon Olds, 1976) explained that children need to understand the range of possibilities for action, that there are consequences to actions and how to make choices based upon the awareness of options and consequences. Allowing children to share based on their ownShow MoreRelatedTeaching Values And Moral Values880 Words   |  4 PagesTeaching values is important. Values allow children to make ethical decisions, they teach them personal responsibility, and values promote moral integrity. Honesty, respect, responsibility, and love are just a few of the important values children should be taught. These values shape them into well-rounded individuals and help point the way of thinking and acting appropriately. Values define an individual’s behavior, ethical or unethical, and that’s why teaching children values is important. EthicalRead MoreTeaching Moral Values in Schools2178 Words   |  9 PagesTeaching Moral Values in Schools Introduction Pornography! Premarital sex! Lying! Cheating! Drugs! Shoplifting! Stealing! High school pregnancies! What is wrong with all these things? Based on the values that are being taught in most schools to today’s children, nothing. Many teachers believe that students involved in these activities are just making bad choices out of the many choices they have. How can children know that George Washington was the father of their country but cannot tell the differenceRead MoreEssay Teaching Moral Values to Children1157 Words   |  5 PagesTeaching Moral Values to Children Morals are defined as expressing or teaching a conception of either behaviour. Teaching moral values to a child are usually the responsibility of the parents. A parent influences a child at a young age, although as they mature they have the ability to accept or reject their traits. In the play, A Taste of Honey, author Shelegh Delaney illustrates the impact a parent has on a child, and how their decisions can affect the way in which they control their livesRead MoreEfficacy of Team Learning on Cultivating Moral Value at Higher Secondary School1159 Words   |  5 PagesEFFICACY OF TEAM LEARNING ON CULTIVATING MORAL VALUE AT HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL ABSTRACT The present study highlights the efficacy of Team Learning on cultivating moral value of the students at Higher Secondary School. Parallel group Experimental method was adopted in the study. Eighty students ( control group – 40 students + experimental 40 students ) were selected as sample for the study. Researcher self –made achievement tool was considered as tool for the study. Pre test - Treatment - PostRead MoreThe Teacher As Role Models1659 Words   |  7 PagesAs an educator you get faced with the task everyday whether or not it is your responsibility to teach moral values and to develop good character traits in students in your classroom. What people do not realize is that teaching is much more than just the information in the textbooks and for that reason, I do believe that it is the educator’s job to teach moral values and to develop good character traits in students. As an educator, you have to be able to teach the whole student, you have to be willingR ead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Divine Command Theory1488 Words   |  6 PagesIs the churches moral teaching of value only to Catholics or to everyone, and either way, why? Christian morality is centered on assessing the ethical implications of us as people. Who we ought and be, and what actions we ought to take or avoid based on an understanding of the scripture and relevant human experiences. I do not subscribe to the divine command theory (DCT) of ethics, as I believe you can have ethics without God. The DCT proposes that what is morally right is what God has commandedRead MoreConfucian Values in Relation to Filipino Values1287 Words   |  6 PagesRelation of Confucian Values with Filipino Values Moral, values and ethics define who we are and what we believe. Culture, religion, and many other things affect our beliefs. One uses various types of ethics when surrounded by different groups. Knowing between right and wrong is a good foundation to practice goo ethics and morals. These things make morals, ethics and values important in society. many factors can contribute to what we think is morally right or wrong. Religion, for example, mayRead MoreMoral Values1269 Words   |  6 PagesMoral Values versus Academic Subject Matters Good morning faculty and Students â€Å"Welcome back to a new and rewarding School year† was the first thing I heard Principle Williams say as he made the announcements. The next thing on the agenda was to go over the rules of the school and classroom. It is the first day of school at Westover Elementary and the students are back in school for one hundred and eighty days. WOW! I just love my job. Well it is time to get down to business. We must goRead MoreErikson s Psychosocial Development Theory Essay1622 Words   |  7 PagesIn this research project several individuals, both parents and children were surveyed and asked various questions to see what their views on morals and values were and if teaching them had an impactful effect on children. With the secondary research conducted the teachings of morals and values will be linked to socialization as well as being looked at through different developmental theories. Many pages in the Individuals and Families, Diverse Pe rspectives (Holloway, Holloway Witte, 2010) willRead MoreEssay on Teaching Morals in Public Schools1128 Words   |  5 Pagesappearance in the character of todays youth. Teaching morals in public school could only result in the betterment of our society. American public schools started walking away from their moral educators about a generation ago, around the 1960s. They feared possibilities of being accused of imposing religion or indoctrinating children, so they left moral instruction to parents and the community, and stuck strictly to academics (Smith). Teaching morals has been misconceived as a violation of the

How Different Aspects Of Economics Affect The Consumer And...

Introduction To Economics Music Video Essay Caitlin Brice St. Petersburg College Abstract This essay will be explaining how different aspects of Economics affect the consumer and how helpful it is for people to understand them. Different economic ideas and concepts will be explained in detail and will include examples displaying how it applies to the average consumer. The vocabulary being explained will be terms that will indefinitely affect every consumer and will show how important it is for society to be familiar with economics. Introduction To Economics Music Video Essay Every consumer, whether they realize it or not, participate in activities that relate to economics. Purchasing gas, buying insurance, or†¦show more content†¦For a consumer, this means paying a lower price for goods than one would pay in any other market type (Pettinger 2012). An example of perfect competition can be seen in a small amount of wheat being grown by a farmer because no matter how much is grown, the market price will not change (O’Sullivan, Sheffrin, Perez 2014). Perfect c ompetition is helpful for a consumer because the prices are usually low and stable as demand meets with price to create equilibrium. The next topic discussed in the music video was monopolies (AP Econ Music Video Microeconomics SPHS 2009). A monopoly can be seen when the number of people selling is large, products being sold are different, and coming into and leaving the market is simple. Zero economic profit will be made by the competitor in the long run, but this still creates the issue of the consumer overpaying for goods and services (O’Sullivan, Sheffrin, Perez 2014). The consumer will not be able to replace the good because it is difficult to find substitutes for monopolized products (Manuel n.d.). Anti- trust laws were put into act in order to create fair competition between businesses (O’Sullivan, Sheffrin, Perez 2014) and this is positive for the consumer. The consumer needs to understand monopolies because there are many existing today and they can be harmfu l.

Early Roots of Policing Sir Robert Peels (1820s) Nine Principles and Their Connection to Modern Essay Example For Students

Early Roots of Policing: Sir Robert Peels (1820s) Nine Principles and Their Connection to Modern Essay Early roots of policing: Sir Robert Peel’s (1820s) nine principles and their connection to modern day policing Sir Robert Peel is known in the history books as the person who created the first form of an English police department, called the London Metropolitan Police. However, the first acknowledgement of any sort of police department or criminal justice system occurred 1000 years earlier by the English King Alfred the Great. King Alfred the Great came up with this idea when he was preparing himself for an invasion by the Danes. The King established a system of mutual pledge, which was a form of society control. This system allowed the citizens to come together to protect each other and at the same time created an organized and controlled atmosphere for a police system in England. Sir Peel based-his idea of creating the London Metropolitan Police department on the 1828 Colquhoun. By Sir Peel being a big influence on the Metropolitan Police Act, the bill passed in 1829. This established the largest incentive in London’s police force. Police departments in the United States have adopted Peel’s model. Sir Peel’s mission in creating his police force was to grasp a control on crime. Crime prevention reflected the utilitarian idea, which it is better to prevent crime than to respond after the fact. Sir Peel influenced by the military. He implemented the military’s organizational structure such as their uniforms, rank designations, and the authoritarian system of command and discipline. This same military approach is still one of the major assets currently embraced in today’s policing. Although Sir Peel is the founder to modern policing, he was not a police officer himself. Sir Peel guided the London’s police department with â€Å"Peel’s nine principles. The nine principles focuses on what Sir Peel core values of what a police officer should be. Sir Peel also introduced three elements, which became the basis for modern policing: mission statement, strategy, and organizational structure. Most police departments if not all have their core values stated within their mission statements. Sir Peel’s nine principles basically address t he following: crime prevention, public approval, physical force, and community policing. The first principle crime prevention addressed establishing a police presence and which he did. He called them â€Å"Bobbies,† an early version today’s modernized police officers. The main purpose was specifically to patrol the neighborhoods to decrease crime. Sir Peel stated â€Å"the basic mission for which the police exist is to prevent crime and disorder† (Dempsey Forst, 2008, 2005, p. 329). Principles two and three deal with seeking the public approval. Sir Peel stated that the â€Å"ability of the police to perform their duties is dependent upon public approval of police actions and they must secure the willing co-operation of the public in voluntary observance of the law to be able to secure and maintain the respect of the public† (Dempsey Forst, 2008, 2005, p. 29). According to (Hennigan, Maxson, Slonance, 2002) the United States Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs National Institute of Justice research shows that police can improve public opinion by increasing their informal contacts with citizens. According to a survey of Los Angeles residents’ opinions of police job performance and officers’ demeanor, poli ce can increase residents’ approval of their job performance by participating in community meetings, increasing officers’ visibility in neighborhoods, and talking with citizens. Four, five and six principles addresses the use of physical force. Sir Peel explains that the use of physical force should be only used when nothing else has worked to restore order. In today’s society excessive force has been a public concern and also difficulty in regaining the public’s trust. It is a given fact that most if not all crimes are solve by the help of the public and gaining the trust of the public takes time; one incident taken out content will jeopardize the public’s trust. By law, the police have the right to use force when it is necessary; however, the amount of force that should be applied is to this day questionable. Police officers are provided with adequate training within the police academy’s to use force and the publics trust and respect can ensure that force is only used to the extent necessary (Larrabee, 2007). However, incidents like the Sean Bell and the Rodney King case causes mistrust among the public and the police. Principles seven, eight, and nine address community policing; with the city’s population growing police departments also increased the patrolling areas from neighborhoods to being station at specific districts. The main focus was to bring a sense of community policing to local areas. Community-oriented policing is designed to take an approach toward crimes and addressing the underline causes of crime, which will allow police departments to apply their long-term problem solving to the issue through improved police-community partnerships and communication. Real Estate Purchase EssayMost crimes are solve by the help of the public, and gaining the trust of the public takes time; one incident taken out context will jeopardize the public’s trust. By law, the police have the right to use force when it is necessary; however, the amount of force that should be applied is to this day questionable. Police officers were provided with adequate training within the police academies to use force, and the publics trust and respect can ensure that force is only used to the extent necessary (Larrabee, 2007). However, incidents such as the Sean Bell and the Rodney King cases cause mistrust among the public and the police. Principles seven, eight, and nine address community policing; with the city’s population growing, police departments also increased the patrolling areas from neighborhoods to being stationed at specific districts. The main focus was to bring a sense of community policing to local areas. Community-oriented policing is designed to take an approach toward fighting crimes and addressing the major causes of crime, which will allow police departments to apply their long-term problem solving to the issue through improved police-community partnerships and communication. For example, programs such as community policing have been one of the main focuses in policing within the communities. Most police departments such as the Phoenix Police Department have community programs and community liaison units that perform specific tasks to ensure positive relationships between the community and the police department. The Phoenix Police Department community police programs consist of but not limited to G. R. E. A. T (Gang Resistance Education and Training) Regional Training, G. R. E. A. T. (Gang Resistance Education and Training) Local, D. A. R. E (Drugs Abuse Resistance Education), Silent Witness, Explorer Program, and G. A. I. N. (Getting Arizona Involved in Neighborhoods) (Phoenix Police Department,  2006). American policing has changed significantly throughout the last 30 to 300 years. American policing in the last 300 years was the foundation of constructing the modern police departments and officers; and in the last 100 years American policing has demonstrated the disorganization and corruption within the police departments and the political organizations. However, in the last 30 years American policing has shown vast improvements in personnel standards and system of accountability, including the values of due process and equal protection. Since, Sir Peel first introduction of his nine methods of policing in our country has implied his methods into our policing of today. Many researchers argue the method to social control can be provided through full-time presence of uniformed personnel in communities in hoping to establish a decrease in crime and disorder within the public. Others would argue that the birth of the model police departments is credit to Sir Robert Peel and without a doubt laid the framework for one of the most used creation to law enforcement to date (Williams,  2003). It is without a doubt that many mistakes have been made along the last 300 years; however, the policing system is much better and continuing to strive for excellence. Today, police officers goes through an intensive hiring process; the officers then we uneducated men with bad health and with criminal records. All police departments today consist of some type of hiring process (Hiring Process,  para. ). According to Dayton Police Department  (2010),   their intensive application process consists of the application, civil service exam, extensive background investigation, polygraph, police interview board, command staff review, civil service review, drug screen, medical, psychological testing and a physical fitness assessment to be appointed as a Police Recruit. Also p olice department also have some type strategy that has been put into place Peel’s nine principles that address: crime prevention, public approval, physical force, and community policing. It been a long journey from the time when Sir Peel has introduce his concept of policing and what it has been come today, I cannot wait to see what direction the policing systems will be in the next 30 years. Reference Page Dayton Police Department. (2010). Dayton Police Recruitment. Retrieved from http://www. joindaytonpd. com/recruit. htm Dempsey, J. S. Forst, L. S. (2008, 2005). An Introduction to Policing (4th Ed. ). Belmont, Ca: Thomson Wardworth Hennigan, K. , Maxson, C. , Slonane, D. (2002). Research for Practice. U. S. , 19(3), 565-587. Retrieved  from  http://www. ncjrs. gov/pdffiles1/nij/197925. df Larrabee, A. K. (2007, November  8). Law Enforcemnet: Sir Robert Peels concept of Community Policing in Todays Society. Associated Content. Retrieved from http://api. turnitin. com/newsreport Phoenix Police Department. (2006). City of Phoenix Official Website. Retrieved from http://phoenix. gov/police/compro1. html Williams, K. L. (2003). Peels Principles and their accept ance by American Police: Ending 175 Years of Reinvention. Police Journal, 76(2), 97-120. Retrieved  from  http://search. ebscohost. com. ezproxy. apollolibrary. com/login. aspx? direct=true=tsh=24632398=ehost-live

Jane Addams Essays - Child Labor In The United States, Jane Addams

Jane Addams JANE ADDAMS Jane Addams was born in Cedarville, Illinois on September 6, 1860. She grew up in Cedarville, but later moved to Chicago where she died on May 21, 1935 of cancer. Being a woman, she made up about fifty percent of the population. Addams was very well known. Addams was quoted by President Theadore Roosevelt as ?America's most useful citizen.? She was a social reformer, internationalist, and feminist, but she was most well known for founding the Hull House. For the most part, she did live the ?American Dream,? if you interpret the ?American Dream? as wealth and success. She never had financial problems at all. Her father was a wealthy businessman and Illinois senator for eight consecutive years. He was a friend of Abraham Lincoln and he was a widely respected leader in his community. He also helped to bring a railroad into the country. She was also a very prominent member of society, and was very widely respected. In some ways, though, she did not live the ?American Dream.? She did not strive to be wealthy and successful, she spent more of her time giving back to society than trying to become wealthy, prosperous and successful, which was what many people wanted. She worked for gaining the rights for everyone in society including the right for women to vote and anti child labor laws. This was not true for most people of that time. Many people were very poor and tried to become prosperous, but could not. There were many immigrants, especially around Chicago where Addams was. They came here in hope of prosperity, but instead had to work long hard hours for very low wages. Addams was greatly influenced by her father's strong morals. She was the eighth of nine children. Her parents were Sarah and John Huy Addams. Addams' mother died when she was only two while in childbirth. Addams attended public schools in her neighborhood until she went to Rockford College (then Rockford Women's Seminary). It was here that her foundations for feminism were laid and she learned to uphold the ?women's cause.? In 1881, she graduated the Valedictorian of her class of seventeen. She studied medicine in Europe over the next six years, but realized that there were limited career options for women. At this, she decided to help society. While touring Europe, she and Ellen Gates Star, a college friend visited a pioneering settlement house called Tonybee Hall. This was in a very poor area of London. This led Star and Addams to the idea of opening a similar facility in the poorest area of Chicago. When the two friends returned to Chicago, they acquired a large mansion and started Hull House, which was a settlement house. This was mostly aimed at helping immigrants that moved to Chicago. About eighty percent of the population of Chicago was immigrants. It was an immediate success. It provided services for the community. Some of these were: the city's first kindergarten and day care facilities for children of working mothers; employment bureau; libraries; music and art classes; and many other things. Out of all of her efforts, the Illinois legislature passed strong child labor laws and protection for women. Because of the Hull House, Addam's reputation was increased. She used this to society's benefit. She focused on many crucial social issues of the time. Activities at the Hull House soon became national activities on behave of the underprivileged. The Hull House became a meeting place for people like herself who wanted to reform society. She and other reformers who met at the Hull House became leaders of national campaigns for protective labor legislation for women, for elimination of child labor, for factory inspection laws, and for women's suffrage. Addams gave lectures and wrote articles and books publicizing her ideas of social morality. Addams became the first woman president of the National Conference of Charities and Corrections in 1906. She led many investigations on midwifery, narcotics consumption, milk supplies, and sanitary conditions. Because of her work, she received the first ever honorary degree ever awarded to a woman by Yale University. Addams was also a major peace advocate. In 1914, when world tensions erupted into war, Addams focused her energy into peace.

Criminalogy essays

Criminalogy essays Prostitution is somewhat questionable in my mind, I think it is going to be a problem whether its legal or not. Either way theres going to be a spread of sexually transmitted diseases. It can be argued that if legalized it would just be less of a hassle, but you cant be sure it wont pose adverse effects. Drug use I do think should be legalized, but only to a certain extent . Drug legalization would free up police resources to fight crimes against people and property. It would also help unclog our court system. Legal drugs would also be safer. Because it is illegal, the drug trade today lacks many of the consumer safety features common to other markets: instruction sheets, warning labels, product quality control, manufacturer accountability. Driving it underground makes any product, including drugs, more dangerous than it needs to be. Although the legal drugs will still inevitably be misused by some, and cause injury or death. But I think overall legalizing drugs would save m ore lives, and more of taxpayers money. Gambling seems harmless enough to me, I think it should be legalized, but regulated of course. I think the standard for whats considered a crime is based solely on the simple concept of right and wrong. I think people have a fairly similar idea of whats right and wrong, and most of our laws I believe reflect this concept. I think its safe to say there are few laws that are considered completely unreasonable. Our government essentially controls the standard, but the idea is crafted from the peoples voice. The reasoning for our standards I believe is a compilation of religion, safety, and the premise of what we think is evil. The impact some of these crimes have are quite major. Drug use is a huge problem, it promotes violent crimes in various ways, through organized crime syndicates, and people doing crazy things because theyre baked out of their minds. Prostitution seem...

Recent Articles analysis, macroecomonics Term Paper

Recent Articles analysis, macroecomonics - Term Paper Example This is a requirement by the constitution of the United States of America to ensure efficiency in all the government operations while being concerned about the economy of the state. As per the Anti-deficiency Act and the constitution, the federal government is permitted to start shutdown of activities related to appropriations that are not yet enacted into legislation. This process of a government shutdown has led to some operations that are usually funded by the annual appropriations being aborted causing loss of casual jobs by some citizens (Cornwell and Lawder). Some operations which receive their funds from the government by law and not annual appropriations may also be disrupted by the funding gap. These are programs that have activities which rely on annually appropriated funds for operations. A good example is the social security which may need funds from time to time to run upcoming operations in this field. When the government shuts down many federal employees lose their jobs as some have their payments delayed. The furlough has an adverse impact on the economy as the government is a major employer in the state, and this would mean increased unemployment rates (Cornwell and Lawder). Since the government shutdowns started in the United States, there have been 18 such funding gaps with President Obama’s government having only one in 2013. This was when the Congress declined to pass crucial funding bills for the ObamaCare program due to disagreement on the funding by the Senate and the White House. A recent threat of the government shutdown has been experienced in late November 2014. Part of the Senate and senior Republican officials are at loggerheads on funding of the Department of Homeland Security. Some of them are asking for a long-term funding of the Homeland Security programs while others are seeking to offer a short-term funding. This follows as President Obama has an immigration order to lift the deportation of illegal immigrants in the United

Drama Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Drama - Essay Example Ishmael Reed underlines a unique way of depicting feminine social issues whereby the feminine gender is the one who empowers the man while being undermined by the men in their lives. This study is looking to prove that the men did create majority of the marital problems experienced by their feminine counterparts as a result of taking them and their values for granted. The norm of a woman in the society was that her job was to be a wife, mother, proper housekeeper, and supportive to her husband. She was to abide by his decisions and always follow his lead. However in the 1950s, the society was greatly awakened to women seeking careers equivalent to those that men could do and thus changed the social perspective of a womans role in society. In the play written by Reed; the C above C above high C, the two main women who are undermined are Maime Eisenhower and Lil Armstrong. Both of them have undergone the rejection severed by their husbands’ choices of divorce and illicit affairs that devalue their marital status, as well as their value in their husbands’ lives. Lil Armstrong is a highly educated woman with a career in the jazz music industry, and she apparently came from a home that was comfortable and wealthy enough to afford her a good life. Even though her career was pursued against her mother’s wishes, she did meet Louis Armstrong, who had barely scrapped the dust of his jazz music talent. Lil used her gifted and well-developed skills to help channel his innate gift and use it to become the famous jazz musician he became later on in his career. Louis came from a very dysfunctional background as expressed by Lil in her conversation with Maime Eisenhower at the Shoreham hotel. The part where Lil is undermined in her marriage is when Louis takes off to pursue his career without a second glimpse of how the divorce between him and Lil did affect her. Even though they were never on the same path career-wise it would have been more sufficient

Change Management and Communication Plan Essay Example for Free

Change Management and Communication Plan Essay Riordan Manufacturing needs to develop a formalized method for controlling all client information into one centralized client administration method. The first part of this plan will develop a modified administration plan that will include many critical elements; for example, suggestion of a plan in order to execute modifications during the coming year and an explanation of the assessment processes following the implementation of the modifications. The 2nd part of the plan will make reference to an exhaustive communication plan for the suggested modifications. A sample message communicating the plan to the company employees is also included. Riordan Manufacturing currently uses a bureaucratic structure based on formal power. This structure is designed with set rules and functions on how the business will operate daily. Their organizational chart describes how the organization is departmentalized by scope of work into functional areas. Each specialized department has a vice president and managers that control their operations. The major advantage of this type of functional departmentalization is efficiency gained from putting like specialists together (Robbins Judge, 2013). The power and political structure could affect the employee behavior because all decisions must go up the ladder. For example, if a decision needs to be made about how a heart valve machine needs to be updated, the decision must be routed through proper authority, rather than being handled by the foreman. Another advantage of this structure is that there is direct communication between lower level managers and their supervisors; this provides effective leadership, vision, and communication throughout the ranks in the organization. The most appropriate and effective organizational structure for Riordan is departmentalization and formalization. With the planned change for a new customer information system, structure, organization, and good communication between departments  is necessary. This form is valuable when an organizationâ€⠄¢s customers are widely distributed geographically and have similar needs based on their location (Robbins Judge, 2013). Most of the positions in the organizations are standardized, so each employee is placed in the correct department according to his or her abilities. Riordan Manufacturing has a separate department for each product they make, which is an example of departmentalization. Employees in a departmentalized and formalized organization have set rules to follow and are specialized to their department. Riordan Manufacturing employees are a diverse group that offers solutions in a diverse market. Each member is part of a team where each product made grows their total portfolio. Riordan’s culture is based on organic growth with innovation, although they are a bureaucratic organization. They are constantly looking for new products to innovate and expand in new areas without looking to cut costs to gain growth. Their characteristics include: ethical standards, innovative, and team building. The corporate culture of Riordan Manufacturing influences employee behavior by innovation and risk taking with an emphasis on team building. Riordan uses good communication and team orientation to keep their employees motivated. Some workers may become unwilling to cope with modification. Possible reasons may be the lack of knowledge regarding the modification, comfort, anxiety about being unsure, personal private views, job security, pressure from peers, clashes, and lack of confidence. Even though workers are being resistive, the administrators are intending to cope with the opposition and assist workers with the modification more efficiently. Administrators may apply the modification by conveying it clearly, being straightforward, and acknowledging their worries together while respecting workers. Administrators may provide support by meeting directly in regards to the modifications or by additional co aching. Administrators might place the resistive workers with employees or another company temporarily who are already using the modification. This can allow for administrators to make certain they have set some objectives to ensure the success of the modifications was worthwhile and advantageous. Modifications need constant and continuous quality improvements. During the 12 months, administrators must be sure that the modification they put in place continues to remain effective. Administrators can perform this by assigning reaction teams to  areas which are in danger, as well as continue to make contact with their workers via phone, email, direct contact, or memo. Safety precautions will also continue to be managed and improved. Staff and administration attitudes will remain optimistic, involving workers, caring for their views, ideas, and thoughts, continuing to provide training sessions, set objectives and goals, and encourage inspiration. Administrators may assess achievement by monitoring the effectiveness of the modification, organization numbers/sales, and ensuring workers are producing great results. In case the organization is failing or hasn’t seen any growth then they must adjust the modification. Communication Plan The best way to overcome the resistance to change is timely communication to employees. Managers should have meetings with employees, as necessary to discuss the changes. The reason for the changes should be conveyed in a way so employees will understand the necessity for the changes. Managers also need to make themselves available to address any concerns and to listen to feedback from employees. It is very important to listen to their concerns, and address them in a professional and compassionate manner. The manager needs to assert themselves as being calm and professional, while conveying the change and listening to concerns of the employees. Along with meetings, regular emails and memos should be sent to all employees to inform them in a formal manner of the changes that need to take place. It may be prudent to appoint a few reactionary team members to assist the employees with the new procedures. Some employees should be selected to join the reactionary team to instill a sense of ownership into the changes. If a written communication method was to be utilized there could be physical barriers to non-verbal communication. Not being able to see the non-verbal cues, gestures, posture and general body language can make communication less effective. To counter that, our preferred communication channel will be face-to-face to discuss anything that could be considered sensitive in nature. Jargon, abbreviations, and slanged terms for what is considered common items is commonly used in corporations; this can cause confusion for some whom may be less familiar. To ensure everyone has a firm grasp on the message being relayed, the use of these terms should be minimized in all formal communications. Email and Memo Message Valued Employees of Riordan Manufacturing: The organization decided to apply a client administration method that will permit you to easily monitor our clients. The administration knows that we have put enormous accountability on you to manage client info and wish to provide you with the methods to do this job more efficiently. This info might be more effective when we keep it in a uniformed style and saved in a convenient location. By applying this method we will be allowing the info to be easily available to all workers and will streamline searching methods. We know that this info, if not saved correctly will get lost, and we dont want to jeopardize the client associations which you have worked so hard to maintain. Formalized training will be given to all workers prior to the launch of this method. Our objective is to make sure that you are happy and capable of using the latest program before its put into use. We have created a formalized coaching agenda for following week to make sure everybody has had time to see, work, and know the program. We hope that this may be applied on Monday March 30th, 2015. Administration knows that understanding the latest method is a difficult task, however we believe you will notice the advantage of this latest program. We thank you all for your hard work, persistence, and assistance in this matter. Please contact your immediate supervisor with any questions or problems. Thank You, Riordan Manufacturing Administration Conclusion The document has assisted in developing a modification administration plan for Riordan Manufacturing by deciding formalized and casual power structures of the company and their influence on the conduct of workers. It has additionally determined suitable company structures for this organization which will help in achieving the modifications. The document has described the company’s tradition by identifying its features, and the possible impact of this tradition on the conduct of workers. Riordan must think about applying the specified modifications which are contained in the modification administration plan, and they must also apply the communication plan that will assist in implementing the modifications effectively. Reference Robbins, S. P., Judge, T. A. (2013). Organizational behavior (15th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall.

The Rise of Brands Essay -- Marketing Branding

â€Å"I also like Gmail, Giordano Natru – Dry shirts (my daily â€Å"uniform†), Hewlett –Packard laptops, Nokia E-series phones and Toyota. And am I the only person who uses Google Chrome almost exclusively. If I use products other than these, it’s not necessarily the end of the world. But the happiness factor might not be that great †¦through time, one develops a sense of affinity to one name, product or service. And subconsciously you keep choosing the same brand or product over and over not really because of its name, but because of the affinity.† (â€Å"Are you Brand Conscious?† – J. Angelo Racoma.2009) Today, brands are a huge asset to the organisations, whereas, for a consumer they are a mania. Brand conscious consumers are a gold mine for organisations, but brands were not always a necessity in the world; there was a point in time when there were unbranded products, just one or two brands and then with the explosion of branding, it became a vogue. Branding has gone through enormous change since the time it originated till today. This essay seeks to explore the rise of branding over the years and the metamorphosis of branding. It starts with the origin of branding and then explores various periods in history and how branding has changed according to the change in circumstances. The evolution of a brand is then described in accordance to how a brand adopts various characteristics over a period of time. Ensuing the evolution, branding in today’s age is explored. Elements such as â€Å"intellectual property,† â€Å"non profit branding† and â€Å"online branding,† that are affected by branding, are examined. Finally, the future of brands and the responsibility of brands are discussed. HISTORY: The Beginning: The history of branding can be tr... ... Pine, J and Gilmore, J. (1999) The Experience Economy, Boston, MA. : Harvard Business School Press. Racoma, J. Are You Brand Conscious? racoma.net. Weblog [Online] 16/07/2009. Available at: http://racoma.net/commentary/are-you-brand-conscious/. (Accessed: 10/12/2010). Slater. D and Tonkiss, F (2001) Market Society: Markets and Modern Social Theory. Cambridge: Polity. Swystun, J. (2006) The Brand Glossary, Gordonsville: Palgrave Macmillan. The Economist (2003) Brands and Branding, London: Economist Books. UNICEF, (2010) UNICEF Available at: http://www.unicef.org/corporate_partners/index_42735.html (Accessed: 27/12/2010) Warren, C, Facebook Marketing: IKEA’s Genius Use of Photo Tagging, Mashable, Weblog [Online] 25/11/2009. Available at: http://mashable.com/2009/11/25/facebook-marketing-ikeas-genius-use-of-photo-tagging/ (Accessed: 03/01/2011).

Assessment and Learners Essay

4 Understand how to involve learners and others in assessment 4. 1 Explain the importance of involving the learner and others in the assessment process Assessment is all about making judgements. A major argument for involving students in self and peer-assessment is that it helps them to develop the ability to make judgements, in particular about themselves and their work. This is an important life skill as well as an academic one. If an assessor wants to observe a specific piece of evidence but is unable to because maybe it hasn’t occurred in any methods of assessment; this is where it’s important for others to get involved for example the managers or the colleagues. The workers can motivate the learner when the assessor is not around. The workers can act as an expert witness, so when the assessor goes to visit the candidate he/she could provide the assessor with a witness testimony, and this will be put as evidence in the portfolio 4. 2 Summarise types of information that should be made available to learners and others involved in the assessment process Students should be made aware of the criteria in which they will be assessed from the start of the course as well as the forms of assessments that will be used during the process and the length of time it will take. The learners should be given information on what the outcome will be for the different assessments undertaken as well as what qualification is expected on completion of the course. 4. 3 Explain how peer and self-assessment can be used effectively to promote involvement and personal responsibility in the assessment of learning There are many benefits of peer assessment. Students assessing each other’s learning can help the learners to feel supported by their peers. There is also the benefit that the learners may be able to relate more easily with their peers than with a tutor. Peer assessment assists the learners gain confidence and social skills and shares the roles of assessing and being assessed equally between the learners. One suggested peer assessment activity is to have students work in groups, discussing each other’s’ in-class assignments and ways to improve, develop and adapt for improvements providing their peers with peer led feedback and assessment. Self-assessment is a natural progression and grows out of peer assessment. It allows the students to examine their own work and discover strengths and weaknesses for themselves. This can be carried out through reflective practice through a diary of learning or learning log that allows the student to see progression and reflect upon the journey. It’s important to incorporate some aspect of self-assessment every day, if possible, in order for students to take responsibility and interest in their abilities. Another way of using self-assessment is by asking the students to give themselves a grade on the work that they have completed before handing in the work to the marking criteria set, or for student looks at their assignment and marks green for questions that they feels confident about, yellow for questions that they are unsure of and red for questions that will require help. 4. 4 Explain how assessment arrangements can be adapted to meet the needs of individual learners Assessment arrangements can be adapted by allowing the learners to have an element of choice on how the criterion is assessed. This will allow the learners to feel included and means that the tutor is not offering an alternative or necessarily forcing the learner to disclose their lack of understanding or forcing adjustment. An example would be giving all learners the choice of having a Unit assessed either by portfolio or by written examination or by observation. In short, as long as the assessment criteria are being assessed to the same standard, the assessment method can be flexible and should meet the needs of the learners 5 Understand how to make assessment decisions 5. 1 Explain how to judge whether evidence is: sufficient, authentic and current All assessments must be valid, reliable, practicable, and equitable and assessors must apply the standards of assessment uniformly and consistently. . Ensuring assessments are capable of generating sufficient evidence for learners’ to demonstrate that they have met the assessment criteria. Having this process gives the learners clear instructions to the assessments that will be used during the course as well as clear and precise guidelines for completion. It gives both the tutors and the learners the recommended guidelines on how work for the course should be presented and what evidence is required for verification, this in turn allows the tutor and the organisation to map the developments of the learner through the assessment criteria being met. This ensures that all courses awarded are valid and that the course has worked to the set Quality Assurance of the awarding body and organisation; thus being assessed accurately, consistently and fairly to set standards. Sufficient evidence must cover all aspects of the assessment criteria for each unit the learner is seeking to achieve and collect enough evidence to demonstrate knowledge and competence. The learner must be able to show that the work produced is authentic and able to explain and substantiate the evidence the learner has put forward. It is important, therefore, to ensure that any work that the learner submits is only evidence relating to your own performance. Current’ means evidence relating to skills, attitudes and knowledge you can currently demonstrate in relation to the criterion and unit being taught. 5. 2 Explain how to ensure that assessment decisions are: made against specified criteria, valid, reliable and fair The assessor should follow as far as possible the criteria set down in the relevant unit and qualification. All qualifications go through a standardisation process that enables each assessor to consistently make valid decisions; that all assessors make the same decision on the same evidence base and all candidates are assessed fairly. All corresponding evidence from the learner should be reliable in that they have concrete knowledge and skill to back up their evidence. The evidence should be fair in that any leaner will have the same opportunity to complete the assignment.

Managing An Effective Workforce Ie People Essay - 1512 Words

Introduction Whether you are employed as a manager in a bank or as a director in a Government institution or as a supervisor in a supermarket or grocery store, or as a manager in a coffee shop or as a director of the Human Resources department in a private company, the common aspect here is the ‘responsibility of managing an effective workforce ie people’. In any field, the four important resources are men, material, machinery and money. Out of these, I believe that ‘men’ ie humans are the most important because they are the ones that effectively and strategically employ and use the other resources/factors of production. Years ago, workers were treated as slaves and considered as commodities coupled with extremely bad and unhygienic working conditions, negligible or extremely poor wages, long hours of work- from dawn to dusk and so on. Today, people are considered to be an invaluable asset for any organization. Several factors joined hands to change this environment. Years ago, Human Resources (HR) was may be all about ‘production and getting the work done’, but now it is a major management function that explores several activities that are vital to effectively manage employees. Years ago, during the Factory Era or the Industrial Revolution period, the focus was on mass production and specialization. The Production Era then focused on the Scientific Management Movement that meant exclusively improving productivity and manufacturing methods. This was when the concept ofShow MoreRelatedMorgan-Moes Case Study745 Words   |  3 Pagesto be the most effective because it had the best turnover rate and recorded the highest net profit. Programme IV was found to be the next most effective even though turnover average was the lowest. 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